Introduction
Portable energy storage devices are power systems that utilize built-in high-energy-density lithium-ion batteries to provide stable AC and DC power output. Referred to as “large-scale outdoor power banks,” these devices typically feature energy capacities ranging from 0.2 to 2 kWh, with higher output power (100-2200 W) and multiple interfaces (AC, DC, Type-C, USB, PD), ensuring compatibility with mainstream electronic devices. China dominates the global portable energy storage market, accounting for over 90% of production. In H1 2023, four of the top five manufacturers were Chinese companies: EcoFlow (35%), Jackery (8%), Bluetti (8%), Goal Zero (5%), and Anker Innovations (3%). With the growing popularity of outdoor activities, emergency power demand, and technological advancements, this sector is poised for significant growth.
Key Technical Points
1. Battery Management System (BMS) Technology
BMS is a critical component of portable energy storage modules. It continuously monitors parameters such as battery voltage, current, and temperature, enabling real-time battery balancing and protection control. BMS also includes fault diagnosis and handling capabilities to ensure safe and reliable battery operation.
2. DC-DC Converter Technology
DC-DC converters are core components of portable energy storage systems, requiring high efficiency, fast response, and stable output. Common topologies include boost, buck, and buck-boost configurations, selected based on specific application requirements.
3. Control Circuit Technology
Control circuits serve as the intelligent control hub of portable energy storage systems, managing battery status display, charge/discharge control, voltage regulation, and protection functions. These circuits communicate with BMS and DC-DC converters to ensure precise system coordination.
Solution 1: Beeste APM32F030 Series MCU-Based Outdoor Power Solution
The Beeste outdoor power solution employs three APM32F030 series MCUs to collaboratively control the display
panel and power board. It integrates multiple protection mechanisms and a smart LCD interface, supporting various connectivity options for safe and stable charge/discharge performance.
Technical Specifications:
- Isolated DC-DC boost circuit with pure sine wave output using push-pull resonant conversion structure
- Push-pull stage with non-leakage inductance absorption circuit, rated at 500 W
- Supports DC 21V~27±0.5V charging and PV solar panel input up to 300 W for extended outdoor runtime
- Output: 220VAC±1%, 2.5A, 50Hz±0.1Hz
- Smart LCD display for real-time status monitoring and fault alerts
- Three USB-A ports, including a 12V output for vehicle charging
- Comprehensive protections: soft-start, over/under-voltage, overload, overcurrent, PCB/IGBT over-temperature, short-circuit
MCU Features:
- Arm® Cortex®-M0+ core, 48 MHz 主频
- Two PWM outputs for push-pull resonant control
- 16-channel 12-bit ADC for real-time battery voltage/current sampling, with external op-amps for enhanced stability
- SPI/I2C/USART interfaces for versatile communication
- Industrial-grade temperature range: -40°C to +105°C
Solution 2: HPMicro HPM5361 Portable Energy Storage MPPT Board Solution
In photovoltaic systems, MPPT (Maximum Power Point Tracking) controllers optimize energy utilization by preprocessing power from solar panels and storing excess energy in batteries. This solution, centered on the HPM5361 MCU, integrates ADC voltage/current sampling, PWM detection, and built-in overcurrent protection.
Solution Highlights:
- High-precision PWM for IGBT drive control
- 16-bit ADC for accurate voltage/current measurement
- Overcurrent protection
- Dual AC adapters enabling fast charging (2-25 hours)
- Five flexible charging modes
MCU Features:
- 480 MHz 主频，288KB RAM, 1MB Flash
- 16-bit ADC, DAC, ACMP, OPAMP
- Supports photoelectric, magnetic, and resolver position sensors
- Flexible encoder I/O with hardware decoding for bus/analog/pulse signals
- Motion control coprocessor
- PLB programmable logic unit
Conclusion
Portable and home energy storage systems rely on advanced technologies like BMS, DC-DC converters, and MPPT controllers to deliver reliable power solutions. The Beeste and HPMicro solutions exemplify the integration of high-performance MCUs with specialized circuitry, catering to diverse outdoor and household energy needs. As the industry evolves, these innovations will continue to drive efficiency, safety, and sustainability in energy storage.
